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| Description | Endothelin-1 is one of the most potent endogenous vasoconstrictor peptides known in the body, mainly synthesized and released by vascular endothelial cells. By binding to ETA receptors on vascular smooth muscle cells, it potently constricts blood vessels, increases peripheral resistance and arterial blood pressure; meanwhile, it regulates endothelial function, promotes cell proliferation and mediates inflammatory response through endothelial ETB receptors. It plays a key role in the pathogenesis of essential hypertension, pulmonary hypertension, coronary artery spasm, myocardial ischemia and renal failure. It is a classic tool peptide for vascular pathophysiology research, endothelin pathway function verification and cardiovascular disease drug development. |
| Peptide purity (HPLC, %) | 95%/98%/99% |
| Free peptide molecular formula | C₁₀₉H₁₅₉N₂₅O₃₂S₄ |
| Free peptide molecular weight (Da) | 2492.9, higher for TFA form |
| Structure type | 21-mer peptide with 2 pairs of intramolecular disulfide bonds, trifluoroacetate salt |
Product Basic Information Table
| Product Standard English Name | Product Abbreviation / Alias | Function Tags (comma-separated) | Core Structure | Molecular Formula | Exact Mass (Da) | Average MW (Da) | Salt Form | Length (aa) |
| Endothelin 1 (swine, human) (TFA) | Endothelin-1 (swine/human) TFA | Endothelin receptor agonist, potent vasoconstriction, hypertension model, vascular tone regulation | Endogenous 21-mer vasoactive peptide; forms rigid conformation with 2 intramolecular disulfide bonds; binds ETA/ETB receptors with high affinity and potently contracts vascular smooth muscle | C₁₀₉H₁₅₉N₂₅O₃₂S₄ | 2491.14 | 2492.9 | Trifluoroacetate (TFA) | 21 |
Physicochemical Solubility & Storage Parameters
| Product Code | Appearance | Long-term Storage | Short-term Storage | Solution Stability | Solid Powder Stability |
| PEP-END001 | White powder | Store at -20°C, sealed, dry and protected from light. Aliquot for storage. Strictly avoid strong reducing agents. | Stable for 1 month at 2–8°C in sealed dry condition; ship on ice pack recommended. | Stable for 3 days at 4°C. TFA salt is freely soluble in dilute acetic acid and acidic buffers. Strong reducing agents are strictly prohibited to prevent disulfide bond cleavage and inactivation. | Stable for 2 years at -20°C, dry and protected from light. |
Functional Description
| Product Code | Frontend Short Summary (for search list display) | Detailed Biological Function Description | Applicable Research Areas (comma-separated) | Targets / Pathways |
| PEP-END001 | Endogenous potent vasoconstrictor peptide activates ETA/ETB receptors for hypertension modeling | Endothelin-1 is one of the most potent endogenous vasoconstrictor peptides known in vivo, mainly synthesized and released by vascular endothelial cells. By binding to ETA receptors on vascular smooth muscle cells, it potently constricts blood vessels, increases peripheral resistance and arterial blood pressure; meanwhile, it regulates endothelial function, promotes cell proliferation and mediates inflammatory response through endothelial ETB receptors. It plays a key role in the pathogenesis of essential hypertension, pulmonary hypertension, coronary artery spasm, myocardial ischemia and renal failure, and is a classic tool peptide for constructing cardiovascular disease models. | Hypertension model construction, pulmonary hypertension research, coronary artery spasm study, endothelial function study, cardiovascular drug development | Endothelin A receptor (ETA), endothelin B receptor (ETB); Vasoconstriction and endothelial function regulatory pathway |
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