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Beta-Amyloid Peptides

Beta-amyloid (Aβ) peptides are 38–43 residue fragments released by sequential β- and γ-secretase cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein (APP). Aβ1-40 and Aβ1-42 are the two principal species implicated in Alzheimer’s disease — Aβ1-42 in particular is highly aggregation-prone and central to the amyloid cascade hypothesis. We supply research-grade Aβ peptides and a full panel of truncation, familial-mutant, isotope-labeled, and fluorophore/biotin-tagged variants for in vitro aggregation studies, structural biology, antibody screening, and in vivo imaging.

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Typical Length
38–43 residues · Aβ1-40 / 1-42 plus truncations
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Major Variants
1-40 / 1-42 / 1-43 / pE3-42 / familial mutants
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QC Platform
HPLC + MS · monomer-paired SEC · endotoxin optional
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What Are Beta-Amyloid Peptides

Aβ peptides are generated when the transmembrane amyloid precursor protein (APP) is cleaved first by β-secretase (BACE1) and then by the γ-secretase complex. The resulting C-terminal fragments include the abundant Aβ1-40 (~90% of total Aβ) and the highly fibrillogenic Aβ1-42. These peptides spontaneously self-assemble into soluble oligomers, protofibrils, and mature amyloid fibrils that deposit in plaques.

APP cleavage BACE1 γ-secretase Amyloid cascade
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Aβ Species & Variants

The Aβ family includes full-length species (Aβ1-38, 1-40, 1-42, 1-43), N-terminally truncated forms (AβpE3-42 pyroglutamate, Aβ4-42, Aβ11-42) and a panel of familial Alzheimer’s disease (FAD) mutants (Dutch E22Q, Flemish A21G, Italian E22K, Arctic E22G, Iowa D23N, Osaka ΔE22).

Aβ1-40 Aβ1-42 Aβ1-43 AβpE3-42 Dutch mutant Arctic Osaka
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Research Applications

Standard applications span in vitro ThT aggregation kinetics and seeding assays, oligomer and fibril isolation by size-exclusion chromatography, primary neuron / iPSC-derived neuron toxicity, anti-Aβ antibody and BACE assay development, solid-state NMR and cryo-EM structural biology, microdialysis, and in vivo multiphoton imaging of labeled Aβ in APP/PS1 and 5xFAD models.

ThT kinetics SEC oligomers Neuron toxicity Antibody screen solid-state NMR

 

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Beta-Amyloid Peptides — Frequently Asked Questions

Q1

Why does the Aβ42 / Aβ40 ratio matter in Alzheimer’s research?

Aβ1-42 has two extra hydrophobic residues (Ile41-Ala42) that dramatically accelerate β-sheet formation, lowering the critical concentration for nucleation and oligomerization by roughly an order of magnitude versus Aβ1-40. Even small shifts in the 42 / 40 ratio therefore drive plaque pathology, which is why familial AD mutations (Presenilin, APP) often work by raising that ratio rather than total Aβ.

Q2

Which Aβ isoforms and truncations do you supply?

Full-length Aβ1-38, Aβ1-40, Aβ1-42, Aβ1-43, and a full set of N-terminally truncated species including AβpE3-42 (pyroglutamate), Aβ4-42 and Aβ11-42. Each is released as a monomer-paired, HFIP-treated lot with SEC trace and re-analysis HPLC after shipment so researchers can start from a defined starting point.

Q3

How do you separate oligomers, protofibrils and fibrils?

We use HFIP pre-treatment to remove pre-existing seeds, then size-exclusion chromatography (Superdex 75 / Superdex 200) in PBS or ammonium acetate to fractionate monomers, low-n and high-n soluble oligomers, and protofibrils. Each fraction is tracked by ThT fluorescence, dot-blot (A11 / OC conformational state) and negative-stain EM if requested.

Q4

Can you make the familial Alzheimer mutants?

Yes — the full hereditary FAD panel is routinely available in an Aβ1-40 or Aβ1-42 background: Dutch (E22Q), Flemish (A21G), Italian (E22K), Arctic (E22G), Iowa (D23N), Osaka (ΔE22), plus APP Swedish (KM670/671NL) and the Iowa-style APP intra-Aβ substitutions. Each mutant is shipped with sequence-confirmed MS and a matched wild-type reference lot for direct in-vitro comparison.

Q5

Do you offer stable-isotope labeled Aβ for NMR / MS?

Yes. Uniform ^15N or ^13C/^15N labeling, selective residue-type labeling (e.g. U-[^15N]-Val, Ile, Leu, Phe), and single-residue ^13C/^15N back-labeling are produced by recombinant expression of Aβ in M9 / SILAC-style media and refolded in vitro. Labels are designed to give solution-NMR assignments, solid-state NMR distance constraints, or quantitative-IP-MS spike-in standards.

Q6

Which labeled Aβ variants are used in animal imaging?

N-terminal biotin-Aβ1-40 / 1-42 for streptavidin-based pull-down and IHC; FAM / HiLyte Fluor 488 / Cy3-labeled Aβ for two-photon and confocal imaging of plaque deposition in APP/PS1, 5xFAD and 3xTg models; and ^125I- or DOTA-chelator-ready Aβ (separate request) for microPET / SPECT biodistribution work, all supplied with matched wild-type unlabeled controls.

Shanghai Sonyt Biotechnology Co., Ltd. is one of the most reliable beta-amyloid peptides manufacturers and suppliers in China. With abundant experience, we warmly welcome you to wholesale custom made beta-amyloid peptides from our factory. If you have any enquiry about cooperation, please feel free to email us.

Amyloid 1 34 , CAS 109770 29 8, CAS 152286 31 2
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