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| Description | Biocytin-β-endorphin (human) is the biocytin-labeled form of human β-endorphin, a 31-residue POMC-derived peptide that potently agonizes μ/δ opioid receptors to mediate analgesia and stress responses. The biocytin tag preserves high affinity and enables streptavidin-based detection/capture for opioid-receptor binding and signal-transduction studies. |
| Peptide purity (HPLC) | ≥95% |
| Molecular Weight (Da) | ~3720 (biocytin conjugate) |
| Structure | Linear 31-mer (human β-endorphin, biocytin-labeled) |
| Solubility | Readily soluble in water/PBS |
| Storage | Powder, −20°C, dry, light-protected |
Product Basic Information Table
| Product Standard English Name | Product Abbreviation / Alias | Function Tags (comma-separated) | Core Structure | Molecular Formula | Exact Mass (Da) | Average MW (Da) | Salt Form | Length (aa) |
| Biocytin-β-Endorphin, human (biotinylated human beta-endorphin, N-biotinyl-L-lysine / biocytin at N-terminus) | Biocytin-β-Endorphin; N-Biocytin-human β-endorphin; Biotin-β-EP; H-Biocytin-YGGFMTSEKSQTPLVTLFKNAIIKNAYKKGE-OH | biotinylated peptide, opioid peptide, beta-endorphin, analgesia, mu/delta opioid receptor agonist, neuropeptide, streptavidin-binding, biotin label | Linear 32-mer (one N-terminal biocytin residue + 31 human beta-endorphin residues), sequence Biocytin-YGGFMTSEKSQTPLVTLFKNAIIKNAYKKGE; N-terminus is a biotinylated lysine (biocytin = epsilon-N-biotinyl-L-lysine), its alpha-amine is the free N-terminus and its alpha-carboxyl forms the peptide bond to Tyr; C-terminal free carboxylic acid (-COOH); the full human beta-endorphin (POMC-derived, beta-EP 1-31) sequence is retained, containing Met at position 5 (oxidation-prone), multiple Lys (10, 28, 29, 30) and Tyr (2, 3, 19, 27); net charge at pH 7.4 is approximately +5 to +7 (poly-basic, with one Asp and three Glu), overall cationic; the biotin side chain at the N-terminus binds streptavidin/avidin with very high affinity; good water solubility | C174H277N43O49S2 | 3816.99 | 3819.50 | Free acid (C-terminal -COOH; TFA salt available on request) | 31 |
Physicochemical Solubility & Storage Parameters
| Product Code | Appearance | Long-term Storage | Short-term Storage | Solution Stability | Solid Powder Stability |
| PEP-BCBE31-01 | White to off-white powder (slightly yellowish due to biotin label) | Store at -20°C, sealed, desiccated, protected from light. Aliquot to avoid repeated freeze-thaw. Contains Met at position 5 which is oxidation-prone; recommend inert gas (Ar/N2) flush or addition of DTT/TCEP. Avoid repeated opening, as biotin-binding capacity slowly declines over time. | 2–8°C for up to ~1 month; prepare working solutions fresh, store short-term (<24 h) at 2–8°C under inert gas. | Good water solubility (human beta-endorphin is a strongly cationic neuropeptide, readily dissolves in water/aqueous buffer at mg/mL). The Met residue oxidizes to Met(O) in solution; flush with argon and add DTT/TCEP (1–5 mM), keep pH mildly acidic to neutral, avoid alkaline conditions. The biotin moiety is stable over the usual aqueous pH range. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw. | solid is stable for ~1–2 years at -20°C, sealed, desiccated, under inert gas; Met oxidation is markedly slower in the solid state than in solution. |
Functional Description
| Product Code | Frontend Short Summary | Detailed Biological Function Description | Applicable Research Areas (comma-separated) | Targets / Pathways |
| PEP-BCBE31-01 | N-terminal biocytin-labelled human beta-endorphin(1-31), a mu/delta opioid receptor agonist that binds streptavidin for receptor pull-down, SPR/ELISA and analgesia/neuroendocrine studies. | Human beta-endorphin (beta-EP) is a 31-residue endogenous opioid peptide derived from pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC), sequence YGGFMTSEKSQTPLVTLFKNAIIKNAYKKGE. Its N-terminal YGGFM (Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-Met) is the canonical opioid receptor-binding motif; it is a potent agonist at the mu-opioid receptor (MOPR/muOR) and also agonizes the delta-opioid receptor (DOPR/deltaOR), playing a central role in endogenous analgesia, reward, stress response and neuroendocrine regulation in the CNS. This product extends the N-terminus of human beta-endorphin by one biocytin residue (biocytin = epsilon-N-biotinyl-L-lysine), retaining the intact bicyclic biotin ring and valeric side chain that bind streptavidin/avidin with near-irreversible affinity (Kd ~10^-14 M). The peptide can therefore be immobilized on avidin-coated plates, magnetic beads, SPR chips or fluorescent microspheres for: (1) affinity pull-down, immunoprecipitation and MS identification of mu/delta opioid receptors; (2) opioid ligand-binding, competition and G-protein/beta-arrestin signalling assays; (3) tissue/cell localization in analgesia, stress and neuroendocrine circuits; (4) biotin-streptavidin amplified ELISA for endogenous beta-endorphin. N-terminal biotinylation minimally perturbs the YGGFM receptor-binding motif, making this a classic tool peptide for opioid receptor pharmacology. | opioid receptor pharmacology, neuropeptide research, analgesia/pain mechanisms, neuroendocrinology, biotin-streptavidin affinity purification, receptor pull-down and immunoprecipitation, GPCR ligand screening, stress and mood behaviour | Mu-opioid receptor (MOPR/OPRM1); delta-opioid receptor (DOPR/OPRD1); streptavidin/avidin (binding tag) |
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