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| Description | PGLa TFA is the TFA salt of PGLa (peptide with glycine-leucine-carboxamide), a 21-residue C-amidated cationic AMP secreted by Xenopus laevis skin granular glands, sequence GMASKAGAIAGKIAKVALKAL-NH2. Free-base C88H162N26O22S, MW 1968.48 Da, net charge +5. Co-expressed with magainin 2 (GIGKFLHSAKKFGKAFVGEIMNS) in the same skin, PGLa forms antiparallel dimers on membranes and exerts strong synergistic antimicrobial activity with magainin 2; NMR and MD have resolved its membrane-bound conformation and synergy. PGLa is a classic model for amphipathic alpha-helical membrane disruption, peptide-peptide synergy, and amphibian skin innate immunity. The TFA salt improves aqueous solubility. |
| Structure type | Linear 21-mer (C-amidated Xenopus laevis amphipathic alpha-helical AMP, TFA salt) |
| Solubility | Readily soluble in water, dilute acetic acid, DMSO |
| Storage | Powder -20C, dry, protected from light |
Product Basic Information Table
| Product Standard English Name | Product Abbreviation / Alias | Function Tags (comma-separated) | Core Structure | Molecular Formula | Exact Mass (Da) | Average MW (Da) | Salt Form | Length (aa) |
| PGLa TFA (Xenopus laevis skin peptide, glycine-leucine-amide) | PGLa TFA; GMASKAGAIAGKIAKVALKAL-NH2; peptide with Gly-Leu-NH2; frog skin AMP; magainin family; Xenopus laevis; TFA salt; free peptide CAS 102068-15-5 | frog skin AMP, magainin family, linear amphipathic alpha-helix, C-terminal amidated, cationic amphipathic, broad-spectrum antibacterial, synergy with magainin-2, Met oxidation-sensitive, hygroscopic TFA salt, Xenopus laevis | Linear 21-aa cationic amphipathic alpha-helical peptide, sequence GMASKAGAIAGKIAKVALKAL-NH2 (Gly-Met-Ala-Ser-Lys-Ala-Gly-Ala-Ile-Ala-Gly-Lys-Ile-Ala-Lys-Val-Ala-Leu-Lys-Ala-Leu-NH2), isolated from granular gland secretions of the African clawed frog Xenopus laevis; the name PGLa stands for 'peptide with glycine-leucine-amide'; C-terminal Leu amidated (-NH2); 4 Lys (K5/K12/K15/K19), no Arg/His/Asp/Glu; free N-terminus contributes +1, amidated C-terminus is neutral, theoretical net charge +5; ~62% hydrophobic residues (Ala/Ile/Leu/Val/Met forming the hydrophobic face); contains one Met at position 2 (oxidation-sensitive); no Cys, no Trp, no disulfide; canonical magainin-family amphipathic alpha-helix that acts synergistically with magainin-2 in frog skin | C90H163F3N26O24S | 2081.20 | 2082.51 | TFA (trifluoroacetate); free peptide (with C-terminal amide) formula C88H162N26O22S (exact 1967.21 / avg 1968.48 Da; Sigma P0053 lists MW 1968.45, free peptide CAS 102068-15-5), plus one CF3COOH (+114.00 exact / +114.03 avg) | 21 |
Physicochemical Solubility & Storage Parameters
| Product Code | Appearance | Long-term Storage | Short-term Storage | Solution Stability | Solid Powder Stability |
| PEP-PGLAT-01 | White powder (TFA salt is hygroscopic) | -20°C, desiccated, sealed, light-protected; contains one Met (M2) so oxidation-sensitive; MUST flush with argon or nitrogen before sealing and avoid repeated freeze-thaw; TFA salt is hygroscopic, aliquot | 2-8°C, desiccated, protected from light, stable for several weeks | Cationic amphipathic peptide (net charge +5); good aqueous solubility, readily dissolves in ultrapure water or normal saline at 1-5 mg/mL; prepare fresh due to Met oxidation; aliquot and store at -20°C under inert gas if needed; no DMSO co-solvent required; antibacterial activity is strongly enhanced when combined with magainin-2 (synergy) | Met is relatively stable in the solid, but the TFA salt is hygroscopic; long-term storage requires dry, -20°C, inert-gas-sealed; protect from moisture and weigh quickly after opening |
Functional Description
| Product Code | Frontend Short Summary | Detailed Biological Function Description | Applicable Research Areas (comma-separated) | Targets / Pathways |
| PEP-PGLAT-01 | A 21-aa magainin-family alpha-helical AMP TFA salt from Xenopus laevis skin (GMASKAGAIAGKIAKVALKAL-NH2), C-terminally amidated, net charge +5, synergistic with magainin-2; contains one oxidation-sensitive Met, store under argon. | PGLa (peptide with glycine-leucine-amide) is a magainin-family antimicrobial peptide isolated in 1988 by Gibian, Andreu and colleagues from the granular gland secretions of the African clawed frog Xenopus laevis. It belongs to the same amphibian skin innate defense peptide family as magainin-1 and magainin-2. The mature peptide is 21 residues long (GMASKAGAIAGKIAKVALKAL-NH2), with C-terminal leucine amidation enhancing membrane binding and antimicrobial potency. PGLa is a linear cationic amphipathic alpha-helix that folds into a canonical amphipathic conformation in membrane-mimetic environments; its hydrophobic face is densely packed with Ala/Ile/Leu/Val/Met (~62% hydrophobic), while its cationic face is provided by four Lys residues (net charge +5). PGLa displays broad-spectrum activity against Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria and fungi, acting by electrostatic binding to anionic bacterial membrane phospholipids followed by helix insertion into the bilayer, causing membrane permeabilization and leakage. Notably, PGLa and magainin-2 naturally co-occur in frog skin secretions and act synergistically: PGLa primes the membrane to enhance magainin-2 insertion and lysis, with the synergy most pronounced at low concentrations. PGLa also has chemokine-like immunomodulatory activity, chemoattracting neutrophils and monocytes. This product is the TFA salt form; sequence and modifications are identical to the free-base version, differing only in counterion. The single Met residue confers oxidation sensitivity, so argon-flushed storage is recommended. PGLa is a valuable tool for studying magainin-family membrane peptide synergy, amphibian skin innate immunity, and synergistic anti-infective lead discovery. | amphibian skin innate immunity, magainin-family AMPs, alpha-helical amphipathic peptides, broad-spectrum antibacterial, magainin-2 synergy, immunomodulation/chemotaxis, novel antibacterial leads, membrane-active peptide SAR | bacterial membrane phospholipid bilayers, Gram-positive/Gram-negative bacterial membranes, fungal membranes, magainin-2 synergy targets, neutrophil/monocyte chemotaxis receptors |
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