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| Description | TAT peptide is an 11-amino-acid cell-penetrating peptide with the sequence YGRKKRRQRRR, corresponding to residues 47-57 of the HIV-1 (Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1) Trans-Activator of Transcription (Tat) protein. TAT peptide is one of the earliest discovered and most widely used cell-penetrating peptides. Its polycationic nature, rich in arginine and lysine, enables strong electrostatic interactions with negatively charged heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) on the cell membrane surface, efficiently penetrating cell membranes through multiple mechanisms including macropinocytosis, lipid raft-mediated endocytosis, and direct translocation, followed by intracellular release. TAT peptide can deliver cargoes of various sizes and properties (including proteins, peptides, DNA, siRNA, PNA, quantum dots, liposomes, nanoparticles, and small molecule drugs) into cells, and can even penetrate the blood-brain barrier and placental barrier. TAT peptide is widely used in cell biology research, drug delivery system development, protein transduction, gene therapy, and vaccine development. This peptide also exhibits neuroprotective activity in glutamic acid injury models. |
| Molecular formula | C₆₄H₁₁₉N₃₃O₁₃ |
| Molecular weight (Da) | 1558.88 |
| Structure type | Linear peptide (HIV-1 TAT 47-57, polycationic cell-penetrating peptide) |
| Solubility | Freely soluble in water, PBS |
| Storage | Condition Powder at -20°C, dry and protected from light |
Product Basic Information Table
| Product Standard English Name | Product Abbreviation / Alias | Function Tags (comma-separated) | Core Structure | Molecular Formula | Exact Mass (Da) | Average MW (Da) | Salt Form | Length (aa) |
| TAT peptide | TAT cell-penetrating peptide; HIV TAT 47-57 peptide | Cell-penetrating peptide, gene transfection, intracellular protein delivery, nuclear localization signal | Core penetrating segment (residues 47–57, YGRKKRRQRRR) of HIV-1 Tat protein; arginine-rich strong cationic sequence penetrates cell membranes via electrostatic interactions and possesses nuclear localization activity | C₆₄H₁₉N₃₁O₁₂ | 1559.94 | ~1561.2 | Acetate | 11 |
Physicochemical Solubility & Storage Parameters
| Product Code | Appearance | Long-term Storage | Short-term Storage | Solution Stability | Solid Powder Stability |
| PEP-TAT01 | White powder | Store at -20°C, sealed, dry and protected from light. Aliquot for storage. | Stable for 1 month at 2–8°C in sealed dry condition; stable for shipping at ambient temperature. | Stable for 7 days at 4°C. Readily soluble in water, dilute acetic acid and acidic buffers. Good stability and penetration activity under acidic to neutral conditions; peptide chain prone to degradation under strong alkaline conditions. | Stable for 2 years at -20°C, dry and protected from light. |
Functional Description
| Product Code | Frontend Short Summary (for search list display) | Detailed Biological Function Description | Applicable Research Areas (comma-separated) | Targets / Pathways |
| PEP-TAT01 | Classic TAT CPP mediates intracellular and nuclear delivery of biomacromolecules | TAT peptide is the most widely used classic cell-penetrating peptide, derived from the arginine-rich sequence of HIV-1 Tat protein residues 47–57. It directly penetrates cell membranes independent of energy and receptors, and mediates nuclear import of biomacromolecules via its nuclear localization signal. It can deliver various substances such as plasmid DNA, siRNA, proteins, peptide drugs and nanoparticles, and is a universal tool peptide for life science research. | Gene transfection & genetic engineering, intracellular protein delivery, CPP technology, targeted drug development, nuclear localization research | Phospholipid bilayer; nuclear localization signal pathway; electrostatic-mediated transmembrane transport |
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