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| Description | LL-37 amide TFA (amide CAS: 597562-32-8) is the C-terminally amidated synthetic analog of LL-37, the only human cathelicidin AMP (natively a C-terminal free acid), sequence LLGDFFRKSKEKIGKEFKRIVQRIKDFLRNLVPRTES-NH2. Amide-form C205H341N61O52, MW 4492.28 Da. LL-37 amide retains the native amphipathic alpha-helix and broad membrane-killing, immune-chemotactic, and wound-repair activities; C-terminal amidation increases protease stability and enhances membrane binding and antibacterial potency, while the TFA salt improves aqueous solubility. LL-37 is a core tool for human innate immunity, wound healing, inflammation, and tumor biology; the amidated analog suits studies requiring greater stability and activity. |
| Structure type | Linear 37-mer (human LL-37 C-amidated amphipathic alpha-helical host-defense peptide, TFA salt) |
| Solubility | Readily soluble in water, dilute acetic acid |
| Storage | Powder -20C, dry, protected from light |
Product Basic Information Table
| Product Standard English Name | Product Abbreviation / Alias | Function Tags (comma-separated) | Core Structure | Molecular Formula | Exact Mass (Da) | Average MW (Da) | Salt Form | Length (aa) |
| LL-37 amide TFA (human cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide, C-amidated, trifluoroacetate salt) | LL-37-NH2 TFA; hCAP-18-derived peptide; CAP-18 fragment; LLGDFFRKSKEKIGKEFKRIVQRIKDFLRNLVPRTES-NH2; TFA salt | antimicrobial, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, immunomodulatory, wound healing, anti-biofilm, host defense, TFA salt, hygroscopic | Linear 37-aa cationic amphipathic alpha-helical host defense peptide, sequence LLGDFFRKSKEKIGKEFKRIVQRIKDFLRNLVPRTES-NH2; C-terminal carboxyl amidated (-CONH2); net charge ~+6 (5 Arg + 6 Lys - 2 Asp - 3 Glu); rich in Phe (4 residues) forming hydrophobic face; no Cys/Met/Trp; intrinsically disordered in water, folds into amphipathic alpha-helix upon membrane or ethanol/salt contact; supplied as the trifluoroacetate (TFA) salt | C207H342F3N61O54 | 4603.58 | 4606.38 | TFA (trifluoroacetate); free amide formula C205H341N61O52 (exact 4489.59 / avg 4492.36 Da), plus one CF3COOH (+113.99 exact / +114.02 avg); C-terminally amidated | 37 |
Physicochemical Solubility & Storage Parameters
| Product Code | Appearance | Long-term Storage | Short-term Storage | Solution Stability | Solid Powder Stability |
| PEP-LL37AT-01 | White powder (TFA salt is hygroscopic) | Store at -20°C, sealed, desiccated, protected from light (~2 years). Aliquot to avoid repeated freeze-thaw. No Met/Cys/Trp-low oxidation risk, but prone to self-aggregation at high ionic strength; the TFA salt is hygroscopic, so aliquot and store under vacuum/argon. | 2–8°C for up to ~1 month; working aliquots at -20°C; stable for shipping at ambient. | Cationic amphipathic helical peptide; good water solubility (aqueous buffers ≥1–5 mg/mL; ~50 mg/mL in DMSO with sonication). KEY NOTE: At high ionic strength (physiological 150 mM NaCl), the peptide self-aggregates into oligomers, reducing antimicrobial activity-prepare working solutions in low-ionic-strength buffer or with 0.01% acetic acid. No Cys (no disulfide issues), no Met (no oxidation), no Trp. The TFA lyophilate is strongly hygroscopic-weigh quickly and reseal immediately; moisture/light causes gradual activity loss. | solid stable for ~2 years at -20°C, sealed and desiccated. The TFA salt is strongly hygroscopic-keep the desiccator sealed and the weighing environment dry. |
Functional Description
| Product Code | Frontend Short Summary | Detailed Biological Function Description | Applicable Research Areas (comma-separated) | Targets / Pathways |
| PEP-LL37AT-01 | The C-terminal-amidated TFA salt of human cathelicidin LL-37, a broad-spectrum cationic amphipathic alpha-helical antimicrobial and immunomodulatory host defense peptide that promotes wound healing and anti-biofilm activity. | LL-37 amide retains the broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity of native LL-37 against Gram-positive bacteria (S. aureus, group A Streptococcus), Gram-negative bacteria (E. coli, P. aeruginosa), fungi (C. albicans), and enveloped viruses (HIV, influenza). C-terminal amidation enhances enzymatic stability and membrane interaction. Beyond direct killing, LL-37 is a key immunomodulator: it chemoattracts immune cells through the FPRL1/FPR2 receptor, modulates LPS/TLR4 signaling, promotes angiogenesis and keratinocyte migration, and is critical in wound healing. It also inhibits bacterial biofilm formation and has advanced into preclinical studies for various infectious and inflammatory conditions. The amidated form offers improved proteolytic stability over the free acid. Supplied as the TFA salt: it self-aggregates at high ionic strength, so prepare working solutions in low-ionic-strength buffer; the TFA salt is hygroscopic, so weigh quickly and store dry/sealed; for cell-based or in-vivo work, consider the acetate salt to reduce counterion irritation. | Innate immunity, antimicrobial resistance, wound healing, mucosal infection, biofilm inhibition, inflammation, host-pathogen interactions, peptide drug development | Bacterial/anionic lipid membranes (pore/barrier disruption); FPRL1/FPR2 chemotactic receptor; LPS/TLR4 signaling modulation; epithelial migration and angiogenesis pathways |
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