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| Description | Research Peptide / Cell-Adhesion Functional Peptide / Fibronectin-Mimetic Sequence •Description: GRGDSPK (EMD 56574, CAS: 111119-28-9) is a heptapeptide containing the RGD (Arg-Gly-Asp) core, sequence Gly-Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser-Pro-Lys, molecular formula C₂₈H₄₉N₁₁O₁₁, MW 715.76 Da. Through its RGD motif it binds integrins and is used to study the role of integrins in bone formation and resorption, as well as integrin-mediated cell adhesion and signaling. |
| Structure type | Linear 7-mer (RGD-core-containing) |
| Solubility | Readily soluble in water, PBS |
| Storage | Powder -20°C, dry, protected from light |
Product Basic Information Table
| Product Standard English Name | Product Abbreviation / Alias | Function Tags (comma-separated) | Core Structure | Molecular Formula | Exact Mass (Da) | Average MW (Da) | Salt Form | Length (aa) |
| GRGDSPK (Gly-Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser-Pro-Lys, free base) | GRGDSPK; Gly-Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser-Pro-Lys-OH; EMD 56574; RGD-core peptide with C-terminal Lys conjugation handle; competitive inhibitor of integrin-fibronectin binding; 7-mer; CAS 111119-28-9 | RGD integrin-binding peptide, fibronectin cell-binding sequence, competitive reversible integrin inhibitor, C-terminal Lys amine conjugation site, biomaterial/resin/bead coating, alpha5beta1 integrin, bone formation/resorption research, 7-mer, free base (non-TFA) | Synthetic heptapeptide, sequence Gly1-Arg2-Gly3-Asp4-Ser5-Pro6-Lys7 (GRGDSPK-OH); C-terminus is a free acid (-OH, not amidated), N-terminus is a free amine; no C-terminal amidation, no disulfide, no side-chain modification. Its core is the canonical RGD integrin-binding tripeptide Arg2-Gly3-Asp4 (RGD), flanked by N-terminal Gly1 and C-terminal Ser5-Pro6-Lys7. It is the C-terminally extended version of the fibronectin cell-binding domain GRGDSP (Gly-Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser-Pro), with one extra Lys at the C-terminus. Key design feature: the C-terminal Lys7 side-chain epsilon-amine is a free primary amine that provides a site-specific covalent conjugation handle (via glutaraldehyde, NHS/EDC, etc.) to resins, chromatography media/beads, proteins, biomaterial surfaces or nanoparticles, without disturbing the RGD active core starting at the N-terminus. It contains one Pro (position 6), giving a slight turn near the C-terminus. Charged residues: Arg x1 (+1), Lys x1 (+1), Asp x1 (-1), plus N-terminus (+1) and C-terminus (-1), net charge +1. No Cys, Met, Trp or His. Predominantly hydrophilic residues, good water solubility. | C28H49N11O11 | 715.36 | 715.77 | Free base (non-TFA salt). CAS 111119-28-9 corresponds to the free peptide; Sigma-Aldrich (G1269) lists the empirical formula C28H49N11O11, MW 715.76, matching this product. Net charge +1 (Arg + Lys + N-terminus - Asp - C-terminus = +1); some suppliers also offer an acetate salt (CAS 144027-77-0) or TFA salt, whereas this batch is the non-TFA free-base version, with the C-terminal Lys side-chain epsilon-NH2 kept free for conjugation. | 7 |
Physicochemical Solubility & Storage Parameters
| Product Code | Appearance | Long-term Storage | Short-term Storage | Solution Stability | Solid Powder Stability |
| PEP-GRGDSPK-01 | White to off-white powder | -20°C, dry and sealed; no Cys/Met/Trp so no oxidation/disulfide concern; aliquot and avoid repeated freeze-thaw | 2-8°C, dry, stable for several weeks | RGD small peptide with net charge +1 and good water solubility; dissolve directly in sterile water or neutral buffer (pH 6.5-7.4) to make a stock, no DMSO needed; aliquot solutions at -20°C and avoid repeated freeze-thaw; when conjugating, protect the C-terminal Lys epsilon-amine and avoid extreme pH; avoid extreme pH and heat | The linear RGD peptide is stable as a solid with no oxidation/aggregation concern; the C-terminal Lys epsilon-NH2 is stable in the dry solid, keep dry before conjugation |
Functional Description
| Product Code | Frontend Short Summary | Detailed Biological Function Description | Applicable Research Areas (comma-separated) | Targets / Pathways |
| PEP-GRGDSPK-01 | Heptapeptide (Gly-Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser-Pro-Lys-OH, EMD 56574) containing the RGD core with a C-terminal Lys conjugation handle; free base, non-TFA; formula C28H49N11O11, MW ~715.77. The RGD tripeptide binds integrins (especially fibronectin-type integrins such as alpha5beta1) and competitively and reversibly inhibits integrin-fibronectin binding; the free C-terminal Lys epsilon-NH2 allows site-specific coupling to resins/beads/proteins/biomaterial surfaces. A standard tool for coating cell-culture plates, making RGD-functionalized biomaterials, and studying integrin roles in bone formation and resorption. | GRGDSPK (also known as EMD 56574) is a synthetic heptapeptide containing the canonical Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) core, sequence Gly-Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser-Pro-Lys-OH. RGD is the integrin-recognition motif shared by many extracellular matrix proteins such as fibronectin, vitronectin, fibrinogen, von Willebrand factor and osteopontin: the positively charged Arg guanidinium and negatively charged Asp carboxylate are precisely arranged on the Gly backbone and together engage the MIDAS pocket at the head of integrin heterodimers (e.g., alpha5beta1, alphaVbeta3, alphaIIb beta3), mediating cell-matrix adhesion, migration, survival and proliferative signaling. GRGDSPK retains the active GRGDSP core and adds one extra C-terminal Lys whose side-chain epsilon-amine is a free primary amine; via glutaraldehyde, NHS/EDC or maleimide chemistry the peptide can be site-specifically coupled to solid resins, affinity chromatography media/beads, proteins, ELISA plates, hydrogels or tissue-engineering scaffolds, and because coupling occurs at the C-terminus far from the RGD core, it does not interfere with integrin binding. As a soluble (liquid-phase) peptide, GRGDSPK is a competitive, reversible inhibitor of integrin-fibronectin binding that blocks cell-surface integrins and suppresses RGD-mediated adhesion; it is widely used to study integrin roles in bone formation and resorption (osteoclast function, osteoblast-matrix interactions). As a conjugated (solid-phase) peptide, it is a standard ligand for making RGD-functionalized biomaterials, cell-adhesion culture surfaces, and targeted delivery to integrin-positive tumor neovasculature. This product is the free base (non-TFA salt), net charge +1, with no Cys/Met/Trp, good water solubility and no oxidation concern; it is a workhorse RGD tool peptide for integrin cell-adhesion research and biomaterial surface engineering. | integrin-fibronectin interactions, RGD cell adhesion, competitive integrin inhibitor, bone formation/resorption (osteoclast/osteoblast), biomaterial RGD surface coating, cell-culture plate/bead conjugation, tumor neovasculature targeted delivery, tissue engineering and regenerative medicine | integrin alpha5beta1 (primary), integrin alphaVbeta3, integrin alphaIIb beta3, fibronectin RGD-binding site (MIDAS) |
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